Wednesday, February 5, 2014

Inheriting the Benefits Promised

.    ...Rebels lose their right to the Holy City
.   And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.      
Rev 22:19

NOTE: "I make known the end from the beginning, from ancient times" ...

.    ...Rebels lose their right to the Holy City
.   He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.  
Rev 22:20

.                     248. Rebels lose their right to the Holy City (Rev. 22:19)
.                     247. Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
                       (Rev. 22:19; cp. Rev. 3:5; Ex. 32:32; Ps. 69:25-29)
.                     246. Plagues of Revelation upon rebels (Rev. 22:18-19)
.                    Promises in Revelation:
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2Peter ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                   But it must be remembered that there are not this many verses in the Bible.
.                  In some Bible statistics it is claimed that there are 33,000 promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture
.               Notes For Verse 20
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible (22:20-21)
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches until the rapture
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.  
Rev 22:20

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  But I am poor and sorrowful: let thy salvation, O God, set me up on high.  
Ps 69:29
  Let them be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous.  
Ps 69:28

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  Add iniquity unto their iniquity: and let them not come into thy righteousness.  
Ps 69:27
  For they persecute him whom thou hast smitten; and they talk to the grief of those whom thou hast wounded.  
Ps 69:26
  Let their habitation be desolate; and let none dwell in their tents.  
Ps 69:25

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  Yet now, if thou wilt forgive their sin--; and if not, blot me, I pray thee, out of thy book which thou hast written.  
Ex 32:32

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  He that overcometh, the same shall be clothed in white raiment; and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before his angels.  
Rev 3:5

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.      
Rev 22:19

.    ...Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.  
Rev 22:20

.                     247. Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
                       (Rev. 22:19; cp. Rev. 3:5; Ex. 32:32; Ps. 69:25-29)
.                     246. Plagues of Revelation upon rebels (Rev. 22:18-19)
.                     245. A right to enter the Holy City (Rev. 22:14; cp. Rev. 21:8; 22:15)
.                    Promises in Revelation:
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2Peter ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                   But it must be remembered that there are not this many verses in the Bible.
.                  In some Bible statistics it is claimed that there are 33,000 promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture
.               Notes For Verse 20
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible (22:20-21)
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches until the rapture
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

.    ...Plagues of Revelation upon rebels
.  And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.      
Rev 22:19
  For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book:  
Rev 22:18

.    ...Plagues of Revelation upon rebels
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.  
Rev 22:20

.                     246. Plagues of Revelation upon rebels (Rev. 22:18-19)
.                     245. A right to enter the Holy City (Rev. 22:14; cp. Rev. 21:8; 22:15)
.                     244. A right to the tree of life (Rev. 22:14)
.                    Promises in Revelation:
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2Peter ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                   But it must be remembered that there are not this many verses in the Bible.
.                  In some Bible statistics it is claimed that there are 33,000 promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture
.               Notes For Verse 20
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible (22:20-21)
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches until the rapture
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

Monday, February 3, 2014

Inheriting the Benefits Promised

Verses are usually listed with the book wherein the promise is found first. However, it is fitting to list all the N.T. benefits after discovering the last promise.

NOTE: "I make known the end from the beginning, from ancient times" ...

.                     Some are not in the form of a promise, but the truths they contain make
                       the basis of our claims for gospel benefits
.                    750 promises in the New Testament, only 250 separate benefits
.                    Promises in Revelation ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture and concerns
                   the second coming of Jesus Christ to the earth
.               Notes For Verse 20,21
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches until rapture
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

Some gospel benefits are not in the standard form of a promise, but the truths they contain make the basis of our claims for gospel benefits. There are 750 promises in the New Testament, but 250 separate benefits due to the fact that many of the promises are repeated in different books.

.                    Promises in Revelation ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture and concerns
                   the second coming of Jesus
.               Notes For Verse 20,21
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.
Rev 22:20

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  Behold, I come quickly: hold that fast which thou hast, that no man take thy crown.
Rev 3:11

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.
Rev 22:20

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  And, behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to give every man according as his work shall be.
Rev 22:12

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  Behold, I come quickly: blessed is he that keepeth the sayings of the prophecy of this book.
Rev 22:7

.  The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
Rev 22:21

.   ...Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all promises
.  He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.
Rev 22:20

.                     250. Soon return of Jesus Christ to fulfill all the promises
                       (Rev. 22:7,12,20; cp. Rev. 3:11)
.                     249. Rebels will be denied the blessings of Revelation
.                     248. Rebels lose their right to the Holy City
.                    Promises in Revelation:
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2Peter ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise in Scripture
.               Notes For Verse 20,21
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation and of the whole Bible
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved (Jn. 3:16)
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are" ...
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

.    ...Rebels will be denied the blessings of Revelation
.   And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.    
Rev 22:19

.    ...Rebels will be denied the blessings of Revelation
.   He which testifieth these things saith, Surely I come quickly. Amen. Even so, come, Lord Jesus.
Rev 22:20

.                     249. Rebels will be denied the blessings of Revelation (Rev. 22:19)
.                     248. Rebels lose their right to the Holy City
.                     247. Names of rebels blotted out of the book of life
.                    Promises in Revelation:
.                    Promises in 1 and 2John ...
.                    Promises in 1 and 2Peter ...
.                   New Testament Promises
.                 a [Surely I come quickly] The last promise
.               Notes For Verse 20
.             12. Conclusion and benediction of Revelation
.             11. A warning to all mankind
.             10. An invitation to all people to be saved
.           CONCLUSION OF REVELATION
.          CHAPTER 22
.          CHAPTER 21
.          CHAPTER 20
.           III. "The things which shall be hereafter" -continued
.           II. "The things which are": the things concerning the churches
.        OUTLINE OF REVELATION
.       Introduction To Revelation
.      BOOK OF REVELATION
.    JOHN'S WRITINGS
.  NEW TESTAMENT
BIBLE

Sunday, February 2, 2014

Law Changes Reflect Revolution/Rebelion

Book of the Consistory.

Church Law is to the Christian Autocracy what the 'Book of Consistory' is to a Protestant Monarchy. It was originally a defense against Papism but once the power of it was understood, it has been a device used by rulers and those who desire to do so ever since that time.

"Let us not consider ourselves wiser than those saints and hierarchs who established the canons of the Church; let us not imagine ourselves to be great sages...Then we will not follow the path taken by the ungodly thief, who remained ungodly to the end and descended into the nethermost depths, from which may the Lord deliver us all." [1]
   There must not be any conflict between the rule of the local Church and the Church universal.

"And the laws of local Churches are based on those same laws and canons of the [Universal] Church."
   The Apostles were gifted with administrations by the Holy Spirit. Their laws rounded out the establishment of the original traditions of the Faith (2 Thes 2:15).

"Those who revile the laws of the Church revile Christ Himself, Who is the Head of the Church, for the laws of the Church were given by the Holy Spirit through the Apostles."
   Those who revile, despise, and rebel against Church law follow the path of the lost thief.

"Beware of such a path! Beware of the path taken by the thief on the left, for by the weight of blasphemy, by the weight of reviling Christ he went to his eternal perdition."
   Anytime you see a body of laws, you will see attached closely to them a religion or rule that corresponds closely to that body of laws.  

"It may be, brethren, that soon you will again experience a time of turmoil, and some of you will be called to take the path of denying those sacred laws and to submit to laws established by mere human authority."
   When sacred laws are chosen, then they work in symphony with the authority of those who rule outside of the Church. The one for the salvation of citizens the other for law and order. Two such Empires existed for 2,000 years combined.  

"Those who desire unnecessary comforts and pleasures in this temporal world – which sooner or later will perish – these people prefer other laws, not the laws of the Church but those which allow them to live as they want, to think what they want, to place their own will above the Spirit of the Church, that Spirit given by the Lord God Himself; and they invite others to follow this same path."
   A society that always re-defines their rights and then demands them, gradually slide into judgment. They define freedom as the right to live as they want. They define tolerance as a right  to accept any behavior that defies a moral standard. They define freedom of speech and expression as the right to reveal openly the leaning of their wicked thoughts, in order to gain a following that they may once again re-define their rights.      

"Those faithful to Christ follow after Him along the path of those laws, those ordinances which the holy Church sacredly preserves." [2]
   Legislators often bring divisions by conflicting and innovative laws.  

"Even today various divisions can spring up among us. The laws of Christ’s Church are immutable; a Christian must submit to them irrespective of what others think, of how society regards these laws – whether favorably or unfavorably."
   The lust of the flesh, of the eyes, and pride work contrary to that which is best for each individual and society as a whole. Laws given for salvation are given in the sense that they create an environment in which God's salvation is possible. The breakdown of law and order greatly reduces the percent of the population that know God through Christ.

"Some desire salvation, others desire only enjoyment in this world, and when they do not succeed in obtaining it they blaspheme those laws which are given for our salvation."
   Disregard for law as arbitrary allows one to view blasphemy as a right, but that does not prevent an individual or society from being blind sided with judgment; and then crying out that God has unjustly judged them!  

"Here before you are two paths: the path of the wise thief, and the path of the one who was pulled down to hades by the weight of his blasphemy... Here, brethren, is the path of the two thieves."
   Now neither thief was without sin and neither are we, but it is the habit of unconfessed sin built upon an attitude taken with regard to the law that brings self-destruction to the surprised, who becomes his own victim.

"We all sin, we all transgress Christ’s commandments and the laws of the holy Church, but some acknowledge themselves to be sinners and repent of their transgressions, while others, instead, reject the very laws and do not want to submit to them; they say that these laws are out-dated, that they are no longer needed; as if we are smarter than those who gave us the Church laws, which the Lord Himself gave through His Apostles and hierarchs."
   The New Testament itself has 1,050 directives, rules, and laws from which most later expressions are built upon. Does this sound like an admonition from some corner of Christendom that does not apply to the whole?  

"We may close with the sacred admonition to the flock about the Canons from a spiritual authority of Orthodox, and especially no one claiming descent through the Russian Church, can deny or dispute with, St. Archbishop John (Maximovitch) the Wonderworker (+1966) from his Sermon on the Sunday of Orthodoxy:" [3]
   Prior to closing however, this author draws a distinction between two systems of law; that based on the 'Book of the Consistitory' and that based on the Law of the true-glory Church. When the one is substituted for the other then a subtle counterfeit church is set up through hidden false authority.

"If the other view be true, that the Consistorium system is Orthodox law, then, by such reasoning, if for several generations a small or even a significant portion of the episcopate became fornicators or declared it lawful, perhaps with common agreement, then fornication would henceforth become Orthodox and lawful and even obligatory canon law, and the law of the Gospel to the contrary null and void!"
   Therefore the subtle 'consistorium system' is dangerous to the true-glory Church and historically was used by Monarchs to manipulate or usurp her authority. But rather the decrees and traditions including and built upon the New Testament are from God.  

"These [specific decrees and traditions] are the authorities of Christianity laid down by our Lord in the New Testament."
   The Sovereignty, Headship, and Authority of the true-glory Church are simply understood and acknowledged by the Church resulting in her agreement and obedience.  

"We must also point out to those claiming it [consistorium system] as ‘Orthodox law for the Russian Church’; that 'Orthodox' is a term that applies not to whatsoever anybody who has a rank in the Church does at one time or another, but agreement with and obedience to the decrees and traditions handed down by the Lord, His Apostles, the Church Universal, and the doctrinal consensus of the Holy Fathers, who have been canonized (approved as measuring-sticks or standards of the Christian path) by the whole Church for the Church."
   Historically this 'consistorium system' was put into place by Monarchs of Protestant states in order to usurp the Papal authority within its own borders. This system was imported into the Autocracy of Russia in order to manipulate Church authority and law by her rulers at that time. This system only brings confusion and abuses when it is used or even referenced with regard to Church administration.      

"He [Metropolitan Valentine] sometimes asserts that his Church is run according to the Canons and Ukaz 362 and the Kniga Consistorium, which is innately impossible since the former two are in contradiction to the latter, and finally all are in contradiction to how he actually runs’ his synod’." [4]
   How he actually runs his council now is not consistent even with the 'Book of Consistitory' but rather is an adaptation of its pattern and form. This gives the appearance of a council, but in reality only one will and opinion prevails. Recently i heard of an administration of an independent protestant church in which the pastor's vote was worth 50% of the vote, requiring only one other vote on any decision! I asked, "how is that working out"? Not so well evidently because the pastor's parents were part of the council and never cross him.

"Whereas under the consistory system, the Metropolitan would sit on a council of other metropolitans and equals and an Orthodox lay ober-procurator to control and judge his actions, set his agenda, authorize his decisions and declarations, and which could punish him for infractions, he rather sits alone at the head of another mini-Synod which he alone controls and which can never judge him, or do anything but approve him and his activities, canonical or not, heretical or not, or else it will not meet at all or will be reconstituted according to his pleasure."
   Unfortunately, the justification for referencing the consortium system causes even a greater problem by indicating a belief that Church law differs between different nationalities.

"Moreover, it is patently false, distorted, and ridiculous for some, such as Metropolitan Valentine of Suzdal, to allege that they are operating based on the Kniga Consistorium, which gives Russian Metropolitans powers to do things not permitted by those Greek’ Canons, as he has said, styling the Canons of the One, Holy, Catholic-Universal, Orthodox Church as just Greek canons’."
   Historically the importing and applying of the 'Book of Consistatory' to the Autocracy of Russia did have its temporary effects but never succeeded in replacing legitimate Church law. The crises of Russia in 1917 is an interesting study concerning what to do or what happens when the leadership of the Church is wiped out through persecution. What can one do except find a cave?

"We also must recognize and reiterate that this system never had actual authority, never supplanted the Church’s canons as the sole lawful, valid basis of operation, and lastly that it perished irretrievably in 1917 with the election of St. Patriarch Tikhon, the disappearance of an Orthodox State, and the issuance of Ukaz 362, which explicitly states that individual bishops or semi-autonomous groups of bishops shall manage and judge the affairs of the Church 'within the authority allotted them in the Church’s Canons', not by the Kniga Consistorium."
   And so the Church of true-glory continues with her own decrees and traditions unmixed and uncompromized with various shades of counterfeit authorities. However, there is always the temptation for anyone to take a poor position and attitude toward legitimate Church law.

"We recognize that some of these transgressions were confined to only a single reign or were ignored by the clergy, or were diminished in their negative effect by the fact that most heretics within or surrounding the Russian Empire had received a proper, though graceless, ritual form of baptism before their chrismation and reception, yet nonetheless, much harm was done and more so in view of the general attitude and mental confusion among many present-day Russians about the Universal Church’s canons, which they openly disdain or replace with this unlawfully-originated, non-Church system." [5]
  If Russians are confused about the Universal Cannons [who respected and lived by them for 800 years] where does that leave the Western World? Who very early ussered in the 'Consistitory System' of law? From there they overthrew their Monarchies, then their Republics, and now even their Democracies. Here are five examples of the breaking of these Canons in specific cases, in reverse order:

5) the placing of known Freemasons (o-p. Platon, etc.) and dubiously-Orthodox lay persons in position of ecclesiastical authority as ober-procurator over the Orthodox episcopate, in some measure negating the canonical order of hierarchal-lay relations in the Church in Protestant-wise, etc."
   Once the order of the Church is tweaked and the true hierarchy muted, then oppression and counterfeit rule of a nation can begin to take hold.      

"4) the forced retirement or ‘deposition’ and confinement to monasteries of Metropolitan Arseny Mattveivitch (in 1762) and other worthy hierarchs and clergy who opposed this and other anticanonical acts by Tsaritsa Catherine II or other rulers;"
   The muzzling of Godly men who have enfluence with the people always has an element of greed although it is usually hidden on a deeper level; whereas some just want the power promised them when they sold their soul to the Devil.

"3) the turning over of Church and monastery property consecrated to God for plunder to the State and the negative State control over receipt of Church revenue or donations;"
   Next is the attempt to close the road and capture the nations greatest treasure of all - citizens of the highest character, who dedicate themselves to the art of arts and science of sciences; godliness.

"2) the forcible closing of many monasteries and prohibition of the monastic life to all but a small fixed number of the elderly, because allegedly monasticism is a ‘gangrene’ on the State’s healthful resources;"
   Next, would be to stop the flow of the Churches greatest resource - sinners with a religious disposition; converts. When labor only benefits those who live off the taxes, poverty vows make a lot more sense to the masses.

"1) Peter Moghila’s Trebnik, which asserted the impermissibility of baptizing most heterodox converts;" [1]
   And so from this type of transgressions and many others of less circumstance, great loss can be easily incurred upon the Church.

"... these transgressions [of Church Law developed throughout the Roman/Byzantine period], in addition to uncanonical assumption of such authority itself by the mini-Synod with Peter’s decree in 1721, ..." sent all of the Russias through a dark period of terror.
   God's judgment is a given when men usurp His authority given through the Church to rule fallen mankind.

"So, while not wishing to fail to recognize whatever was Orthodox and piously done by the [mini-]Synod of this sad period, we must also recognize that it facilitated a number of serious transgressions of Church law and a light-minded opportunistic or even contemptuous attitude on the part of clergy or especially Metropolitans toward the Divinely-inspired Universal Church’s laws, to which obedience is mandatory for all Christians [Mt. 18:17-18]."
   Now willingness to deviate from long standing standards of Universal Church law also reveals an insidious growing evil in the hearts of wicked men.

"Certainly it could make decisions that were correct in view of Orthodox dogma and canons and make authentically Orthodox, correct declarations about the true Faith and heresy, the way of salvation and the way of damnation, deeds of piety and sin, but judicially it lacked the authority to assume more than whatever authority is accorded to a small portion of the episcopate of a larger local church."
   And so to remove the rule of the righteous Church law by adjusting them ever so slightly and thereby usurping their power by placing them in the hands of a few wicked ego-maniacs is used very effectively by the Usurper himself - at least on a temporary bases.

"This system, because it was not based on the canons, had not the Church’s authority and what it enacted can only be said to be the decisions (perhaps under coercion) of a small part of the bishops of a much larger episcopate, rather than an act of the Russian Orthodox Church or its episcopate or lawful synod, which term alone truly applies to the full gathering of the plenitude of its episcopate."
   The system is very detrimental to the salvation of the common man because the oppression appears to be coming from the very church itself.

"As such while, the government lay official (oberprocurator) exercises the most influence, after him, these Metropolitans are all-powerful and unquestionable in or without appeal from their judgments and decrees (except by the quiet, private disobedience and disdain for church authority, this dictatorship engendered)." [2]
   The reason this method is so effective is because all of the changes appear to be coming from the legitimate authorities that are still in place, but they are really just puppets.

"The divinely-inspired, conciliar system of the Ecumenical Councils and Apostolic Canons which acted through the plentitude of the episcopate (at the local Church and universal Church levels) and according to the method established by the divinely-inspired Church Universal is set aside for a lay-directed, totalitarian mini-Synod dictating to the rest of the episcopate, whose tiny membership and agenda of topics discussable and final decisions, on the one hand, rests on current government approval, and whose possible ecclesiastical activity is therefore greatly hampered, with the possibility of the o.-p. dissolving meetings unfinished, dismissal from post, or forced retirement."
   This was true religions oppression by a hostile civil take-over by suppressing the primary good influences of the society by coercion followed by synchronized propaganda. I have observed this same pattern in the U.S. for the last 50 years.

"This is done by issuing suspensions and forcible retirements, which can be enforced by the state exiling or confining the cleric or bishop to a monastery, like a semi-prison to silence him."
   By creating a counterfeit legal system or introducing a different one into any society is also to transfer ownership.

"In particular, in its Russian incarnation, this sort of system gave princes pseudo-‘canonical’ means to gag or pseudo-legislate to their taste for the church through the lay ober-procurator (German for overseer [a lay bishop for the bishops, as it were]) and the permanent Synod of 3 appointed metropolitans and a tiny handful of other varying bishops, whose meetings he [the o.-p.] convokes, sets the agenda for, and chairs, to tightly control and remove if necessary without reference to the canons any cleric deemed troublesome to the State."
   As we can see in the history of Europe, it was well understood that to take religion in hand behind the scenes was to reign.

"The European prototype of this system was the fruit of Protestant wars of religion, and the law of cujus regio, cujus religio [Latin: ‘whose is the reign, his is the religion’] which subordinated the laws of the local religious institution to the laws/decrees of the civil ruler {this is contrary to previous Church tradition as epitomized in the law formulated by St. Emperor Justinian the Great for Byzantium, afterwards adopted by Orthodox Russia thitherto that civil laws made in contradiction to Church laws were automatically null and void}." [5]
   In the study of this history one can see how controlling the issuance of law can easily bring about the degradation of any society.

"The history [of usurpation by law] has been partly described in Georges Florovsky’s Ways of Russian Theology."
   Slowly the long standing Church state was changed to an inferior civil state.

"The system [Book of the Consistory] follows the model current in Protestant northern Europe in Tsar Peter’s time, designed to enhance the power of the civil state, headed by the monarch, over all."
   It actually was instituted by Tsar Peter I and a person very high in the Church Hierarchy.

"The Kniga Consistorium or Book of the Consistory, is like its name, a borrowed, western system based on what Tsar Peter I observed of the relations of church and state in Europe in his youth, worked out together with his Lutheran-sympathetic & servile court-sycophant Feofan Prokopovich, who became Archbishop of Novgorod and vice-president of the new Most-Holy Governing Synod."

"The Kniga Consistorium and why it should be Condemned"




Saturday, February 1, 2014

Successors Of Rome

There are at least 4 good reasons to understand the historical succession of nations out of the Roman Empire:

.    1. The Roman Empire is the historical and geographic context of Christianity.
.    2. The presence of Christianity in the many nations of the world (as well as most nations themselves) have this as a common root.
.    3. Church History and Apsotolic Succession.
.    4. The fulfillment and interpretaion of Biblical prophecy, such as the latter day revision of the Roman Empire under ten kings.

.            Culmen Europae
.        Presidents of Georgia
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Modern Patriarchs of Georgia
.        Presidents of Georgia
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Presidents of Armenia
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Hetmans & Presidents of the Ukraine
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Ruthenia
.        Presidents of Belarus
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Presidents of Russia
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Greek Orthodox and Soviet Calendar Reforms
.        Presidents of the Russian Federation/Soviet Union
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        General Secretaries of the Communist Party &
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Provisional Government
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Russian Empire
.        Romanov Emperors
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Grand Dukes of Moscow and Emperors of Russia
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Grand Dukes of Vladimir
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Primates of Russia, Metropolitans & Patriarchs of Kiev & Moscow
.        Grand Princes of Kiev
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        The Slavic Languages
.    Russia, 862-present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The State of Israel
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Princes of Achaea
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Athens
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Thessalonica
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Latin Patriarchs of Constantinople
.            Latin Emperors of Constantinople
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Order of the Knights of the Hospital of St. Mary of the Teutons in Jerusalem
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Order of the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Order of the Knights of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Tripoli
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Norman Princes of Antioch
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Edessa
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem
.            Kings of Jerusalem and Cyprus
.        Outremer, 1099-1489
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Modern Finland, Estonia, & Iceland
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Swedish and Danish Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts & Dukes of Schleswig & Holstein
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Varangian Guard
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Dublin
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Danelaw
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of York
.            Earls of Orkney
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings & Lords of the Isles
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Grand Princes of Kiev
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.        The Kings of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Sardinia
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Savoyard and Bourbon Kings of Naples and Sicily
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Aragonese Kings of Naples
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Anjevian Kings of Naples
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Aragonese Kings of Sicily
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Anjevian King of Naples and Sicily
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Norman & Swabian Counts, Dukes, and Kings of Naples and Sicily
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Naples, Amalfi, & Gaeta
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Benevento & Spoleto
.        The South of Italy, the Mezzogiorno
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Modern Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Croatia, & Bosnia
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Modern Latvia
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Teutonic and Livonian Knights
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Pomerania
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes & Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, & Poland
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Princes of Transylvania
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Grand Dukes of Lithuania
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Bans & Kings of Bosnia
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes & Kings of Croatia
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Great Moravia
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Slavic Languages
.        The Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of Ceylon/Sri Lanka
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of Pakistan
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of India
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of Ireland
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Basutoland/Lesotho
.                Prime Ministers of South Africa
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Swaziland
.                Prime Ministers of South Africa
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of the Zulus
.                Prime Ministers of South Africa
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Waltzing Matilda
.                Prime Ministers of Australia
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of New Zealand
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Prime Ministers of Canada
.            Prime Ministers of the Dominions
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Tonga
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Hong Kong
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Burma, British Governors
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Ceylon, British Governors
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Gibraltar
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Rule Britannia
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Sir Richard Burton, 1821-1890
.            The Sun Never Set on the British Empire
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Singapore, Prime Ministers
.            Straits Settlements
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Sult.âns of Johor, 1528-present
.            Straits Settlements
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Governors of Singapore
.            Straits Settlements
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Himalayan Realms, Nepal, Bhutan, & Sikkim
.            British Emperors and Viceroys of India, 1876-1947 (1858-1950)
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                British Coinage of India, 1835-1947
.            British Emperors and Viceroys of India, 1876-1947 (1858-1950)
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Princely States & Protectorates of British India
.            British Emperors and Viceroys of India, 1876-1947 (1858-1950)
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Prime Ministers of Britain, 1721-present
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                the Mitfords
.            Dukes of Devonshire, 1694-Present
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Berwick & Fitzjames, 1687-Present
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Buccleuch, Grafton, & St. Albans, 1663-Present
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Vanderbilts
.            Dukes of Marlborough & Earls of Spencer, 1702/1765-Present
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Cross of St. George
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The English Varangians
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
.Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Dublin
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings & Lords of Man
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Danelaw
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of York
.            Earls of Orkney
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings & Lords of the Isles
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Bank of England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Great English Vowel Shift
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            British Coins before the Florin, Compared to French Coins of the Ancien Régime
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            God Save the Queen
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings and Princes of Wales
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Archbishops of Canterbury
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Wessex
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of East Anglia
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Mercia
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Essex
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Northumbria
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Sussex
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of Kent
.            Anglo-Saxon England
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Celtic Languages
.            Scotia: Picts, Britons, & Scots
.        The Kings of England, Scotland, & Ireland
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Prime Ministers of Portugal and Spain
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Presidents of Portugal
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Patriarchs of Lisbon
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Urgel, Pallars, & Ribagorza
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Barcelona
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The French Kings of Navarre
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Mayan Directions
.                The Maya and the Kings of Tikal
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Mayan Calendar
.                The Maya and the Kings of Tikal
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Viceroys of the Rio de la Plata
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Viceroys of New Granada
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Viceroys of Peru
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Incas
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    California
.                Viceroys of New Spain
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Spanish and Mexican Governors of Texas
.                Viceroys of New Spain
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Panorama of Trinity Site
.                    Governors of New Mexico
.                Viceroys of New Spain
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Governors of Cuba
.                Viceroys of New Spain
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Aztec Tlatoani
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Pillars of Hercules
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Bishops and Patriarchs of Goa, the West Indies, & the East Indies
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Ceylon, Portuguese Governors
.            Spanish & Portuguese Colonial Possessions
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Castile
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Counts of Aragón
.        The Kings of Spain and Portugal
.    The Periphery of Francia, 445 AD-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Federal Republic, 1949-present
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                East Germany, 1949-1990
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                No Emperors of German "Third Reich"
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.       Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Deutschland über Alles
.                The Weimar Republic, 1919-1934
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Treaty of Versailles
.                Hohenzollern Emperors of German "Second Reich"
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    German Colonial Possessions
.                Hohenzollern Emperors of German "Second Reich"
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Republic of Slovenia
.                Hapsburg Emperors of Austria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Republic of Austria
.                Hapsburg Emperors of Austria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Landgraves & Grand Dukes of Hesse-Darmstadt
.                The German Confederation, 1815-1866
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Landgraves & Grand Dukes of Hesse-Darmstadt
.                Teutonic and Livonian Knights
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Landgraves & Grand Dukes of Hesse-Darmstadt
.                    Landgraves of Hesse-Homburg
.                Landgraves, Electors, & Grand Dukes of Hesse
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Landgraves & Grand Dukes of Hesse-Darmstadt
.                Landgraves, Electors, & Grand Dukes of Hesse
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Landgraves & Electors of Hesse-Cassel
.                Landgraves, Electors, & Grand Dukes of Hesse
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Princes, Dukes, & Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Lords, Counts, & Prince of Layen/Leyen
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts, Dukes, & Princes of Nassau
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts, Dukes, & Grand Dukes of Oldenburg
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts & Dukes of Schleswig & Holstein
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts & Dukes of Berg, Jülich, Mark, & Cleves
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Princes & Dukes of Anhalt
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Prussia
.                Margraves & Electors of Brandenburg & Kings of Prussia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Hohenzollern Margraves & Electors of Brandenburg
.                Margraves & Electors of Brandenburg & Kings of Prussia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Princes of Hohenzollern Henchingen-Sigmaringen
.                Margraves & Electors of Brandenburg & Kings of Prussia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Descent of the Hohenzollern
.                Margraves & Electors of Brandenburg & Kings of Prussia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Hapsburg Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Switzerland
.                Non-Dynastic Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Hapsburg Dukes of Austria
.                Margraves & Dukes of Austria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Grand Duke of Würzburg
.                Archbishops of Salzburg
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Carinthia
.                Dukes, Electors, & Kings of Bavaria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Bavaria
.                Dukes, Electors, & Kings of Bavaria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts & Prince Electors of the Palatinate
.                Dukes, Electors, & Kings of Bavaria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Wittelsbach Dukes & Electors
.                Dukes, Electors, & Kings of Bavaria
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts & Princes of Waldeck
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Lords, Counts, & Princes of Lippe
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Princes of Liechtenstein
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Margraves & Grand Dukes of Baden
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes & Kings of Württemberg
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Welfs
.                Hohenstaufen Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Vexillum Imperiale
.                Hohenstaufen Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Alsace/Elsaß
.                Dukes of Swabia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Margraves of Meißen
.                Dukes & Landgraves of Thuringia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Franconian Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Grand Duke of Frankfurt
.                Archbishop-Electors of Mainz, Trier, & Cologne
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
.                Dukes of Brunswick, Electors & Kings of Hanover
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Lords, Counts, & Princes of Reuß
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts & Princes of Schwarzburg
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes of Pomerania
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes, Electors, & Kings of Saxony
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Saxon Kings & Emperors
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes of Franconia
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Franconian King
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                The Stem Duchies
.            Francia Orientalis, Germany
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Prime Ministers of Italy
.                    Presidents of Italy
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Italian Colonial Possessions
.                    Presidents of Italy
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Italy
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Parma
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Medici, and the Hapsburgs of Tuscany
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Doges of Genoa
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Bishops & Archbishops of Milan
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Milan
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    d'Estes & Dukes of Modena
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Sardinia
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Lords of Verona
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts & Dukes of Urbino
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Margraves & Dukes of Mantua
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Margraves of Montferrat
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Margraves of Tuscany and Spoleto
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Italy & Emporers
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Spoleto
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Patriarchs of Aquileia, Grado, and Venice
.                    Doges of Venice
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Bishops of Rome, the Popes
.                Italy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Grimaldi Princes of Monaco
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts & Dukes of Savoy
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts of Provence
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts of Viennois and Dauphiné
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Princes of Orange
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts of Burgundy, the Free County
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        The Welfs
.                    Kings of Burgundy
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Culmen Franciae
.                    Kings of Burgundy
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        The Franco-Provençal Language
.                    Kings of Burgundy
.                Burgundy
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Grand Dukes of Luxembourg
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Kings of Belgium
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Ceylon, Dutch Governors
.                    Stadholders and Kings of the Netherlands
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts of Holland
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts & Dukes of Luxemburg
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts & Dukes of Berg, Jülich, Mark, & Cleves
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Counts of Hainault
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Prince-Bishops of Liège
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Prince-Bishops of Cologne & Trier
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Counts & Dukes of Bar
.                    Dukes of Lorraine
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Counts & Dukes of Brabant
.                    Dukes of Lorraine
.                Lorraine
.            Francia Media
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Fifth Republic
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Fourth Republic
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Provisional Government
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Vichy State
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        La Marseillaise
.                    Third Republic
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Second Republic
.                Presidents of France
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Second Empire
.                Bonaparte Emperors
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    First Empire
.                Bonaparte Emperors
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Consulate
.                The French Revolution & the First Republic
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    The Directory
.                The French Revolution & the First Republic
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Governors of Kwangchouwan
.                    French Colonial Possessions
.                Bourbon Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Kings of Madagascar
.                    French Colonial Possessions
.                Bourbon Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                        Kings of Tahiti
.                    French Colonial Possessions
.                Bourbon Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    House of Condé
.                Bourbon Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Orleans & Angouleme Kings
.                Valois Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Lords & Counts of Foix
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts of Barcelona
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Dukes of Gascony
.                Dukes of Aquitaine
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts of Toulouse
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes of Burgundy
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                    Seigneurs of Châtillon
.                Counts of Blois & Champagne
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Capetian Kings
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Dukes of Normandy
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts of Anjou
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings & Dukes of Brittany
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Counts of Artois
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Margraves & Counts of Flanders
.            Francia Occidentalis, France
.        Francia after the Carolingians
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Vermandois
.            Late
.        Carolingian Franks
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Lorraine
.            Late
.        Carolingian Franks
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Middle
.        Carolingian Franks
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Early
.        Carolingian Franks
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Merovingian Franks
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Feudal Hierarchy
.    Francia, 447-Present
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Dublin
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings & Lords of Man
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Danelaw
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Kings of York
.            Earls of Orkney
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings & Lords of the Isles
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Runes
.        Legendary and Early Kings of Scandinavia
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Wessex
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of East Anglia
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Mercia
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Essex
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Northumbria
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Kings of Sussex
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.                Archbishops of Canterbury
.            Kings of Kent
.        Anglo-Saxon England
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Franks
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Saxons
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Alemanni
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Bavarians
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Thuringia
.        Thuringians
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Dukes of Benevento and Spoleto
.        Lombards
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Ostrogoths
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Vandals
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.        Burgundians
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Early Gothic History
.        Visigoths
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Suevi
.        Visigoths
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            The Great English Vowel Shift
.        The Germanic Languages
.    Germania, 395-774
Successors of Rome: Germania, Francia, Russia, & the Periphery of Francia

.            Culmen Europae
.        Georgia, 1991-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            Modern Patriarchs of Georgia
.        Georgia, 1991-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        Armenia, 1991-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            2006, Kosovo Independent
.        Kosovo, 2002-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1999, Ethnic Cleansing
.        Macedonia, 1991-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1947, after World War II
.        Albania, 1914-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1943, Axis Occupation in World War II
.        Albania, 1914-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1925, after World War I
.        Bulgaria, 1879-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1913-1914, after the Balkan Wars, & before World War I
.        Serbia & Yugoslavia, 1817-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1912, before the Balkan Wars
.        Greece, 1821-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        Montenegro, 1697-1918
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            Congress of Berlin, 1878
.        Romania, 1599-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        Romania, 1599-present
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1858, after the Crimean War
.        Modern Romania
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1834, after Greek Independence
.        Modern Romania
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            1817, Serbian Autonomy
.        Modern Romania
.    Modern Romania, Ottoman Successor States in the Balkans
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            The Dictator, 2012
.        The Sanûsî Amîrs & Kings of Libya, 1837-1969 AD
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        The House of Muh.ammad 'Alî in Egypt, 1805-1953 AD
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.            Maronite Patriarchs of Lebanon
.        The Shihâbî Amîrs of Lebanon, 1697-1842 AD
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        The Patriarchs of Constantinople
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        The Altaic and Uralic Languages
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        Ranks of the Ottoman Empire
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        Ottoman Turkish
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania

.        History of Turkiya
.    Islâmic Romania/Byzantium:  The Ottoman Sultâns, 1290 -1924 AD,
Successors of Rome in Romania